Island



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J. A. COLEMAN.

HORSESHOE NAIL. v No. 397,896. I Patented Feb. 19, 1889.

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- I v 1.9% FE" E %0Lvu% NTTED STATES PATENT Curios.

JOHN A. ("OIFBIIAN OF PROVIDENCE, RHODE' ISLAND.

HORSESHOE-NAIL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 397,896, dated February19, 1889.

Application filed April 21, 1887. Renewed July 25, 1888. Serial No.281,022. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN A. COLEMAN, a citizen of the United States,residing at Provideuce, in the county of Providence and State of RhodeIsland, have made a new and useful Invention in Horseshoe-Nails, ofwhich the following is a specification.

My invention relates to horseshoe-n ails; and it consists in theformation of a horseshoenail in a new and useful manner, substantiallyas hereinafter described and claimed.

In the drawings, Figure l is a side view of a completed horseshoe-nailproduced according to my invention. Fig. 2 is a cross-section of Fig. 1,through the central part of the nail, on the dotted line 00 a of Fig. 1.3 is a cross-section through the portion of the nail where the head andbody parts join, on the dotted line 1 y of Fig. 1; and Fig. 4, acrosssection on dotted line y y. Fig. 5 is a side elevation, partly insection, of the punch and die apparatus for striking up the head of thenail-blank from the drawn wire used in the formation of the nail. Figs.6 and '7 are side and edge views of theheaded blanks. Fig. 8 is a viewof the rollers that are used for drawing down the shank and forming thepoint of the nail upon the blank. Fi 9 is a side view of a piece of thedrawn wire which is used to form the nail-blank. Fig. lOisacross-section of Fig. 9 upon the dotted line 00 as.

My invention consists in using drawn wire for the manufacture ofhorseshoe-nails and the production of the completed horseshoenail fromsuch drawn wire byainethod which shall preserve intact the shell ofhardened metal which is produced in the process of drawing wire upon itsexterior, and surrounds a central core of softer and ductile metalwithin the body of the wire. In Figs. 2, 3, and 10 I have representedthis exterior shell surrounding the internal core of the wire assomewhat thickened or exaggerated in proportion and terminating moreabruptly at its lines of junction with the core than it actually is inthe wire, for the better illustration of the same. I first take thepiece of wire cut off of suitable length to form the blank shown inFigs. 6 and 7, and place it in the dies shown in Fig. 5, and strike upthe head of the horseshoe-nail upon it, thus forininga blank. Thisstriking up is done by an endwise compression of the metal. This processcauses the outer shell, as well as the ductile core I) of the drawnwire, to be entered into and united with the head of the nail, so as tobecome homogeneous with it, and so as to impart the strengthening andstiffening properties of the outer shell to the point of junctionbetween the head and shank of the nail, where the strain of the shoecomes upon it when it is driven into the hoof through the shoe in theusual manner. It also leaves the shank of the blank with its hardenedouter shell portion and internal ductile core so nearly thesize of thefinished nail that the subsequent drawing-down processes required togive the shank its ultimate form in the finished nail are so slight asnot to impair or inj ure the outerhardened shell which the drawn wirehad in the outset. I next take the nailblank so formed by the heading-upprocess, and, placing it between the rollers'shown in Fig. 8, I drawdown the shank and point of the nail thereby. In accomplishing thisdrawingdownprocess I finish off the point of the nail by cold-rolliu g,with sufficient pressure to give it the requisite hardness and stiffnessthroughout its entire structure; but I apply onlysufficient pressure tothe shank part of the nail above the point in.rolling it down to reduceit to the proper form without destroying the softness and ductility ofthe core of the wire employed.

Any clipping or cutting of the point of the nail to reduce it to properform should be confined entirely to the point portion, which is hardenedthroughout by the rolling process, and not be extended into the hardenedshell surrounding the ductile core above the point. By thus drawing thenail down from the blank I leave the soft and ductile core of the lattersurrounded by the original tubular hardened shell of the wire the entirelength of the nail from within its head to its hardened-point portion,thereby producing a shank of the nail having superior stiffness fordriving into the hoof to secure the shoe upon it without impairing thecapacity of the ductile central core to endure clinching over the hoofin the usual manner after the nail has been driven in. All parts of theshank of the nail being surrounded by this hardened outer shell of thewire, which is incorporated into and hemogeneous with the head of thenail at one end and with the hardened point of the nail at the otherend, and is unbroken. and uuinn paired from the head to the pointon allsides of the core, it impossible t'orthe nail to split 1 V shanks arereduced by hammering or comin driving into the hoof.

I am aware that horseshoe-imils have heretofore been out from anail-plate which was previously cold-rollml upon the opposite surfacesand that these cold-rolled opposite surfaces formed in the finished nailso out from the plate hardened shells or walls upon two sides of theplate, between which was a soft and duct 110 core, thus stit't'eningthenail-shank to some extent; but the opposite hardenedst'lrtaces in this nail were separatet'l at the edges of the nail whereit was out from the plate by the soft central core lying between them,and they differed from my nail in havingno outer hardened-shell portionalonthe edge uniting the shell portion upon the oppo site surfaces ofthe nail, and were consequently not so stiff and more liable to bend indriving into the hoof, as well as to allow the hardened shell portionsupon the opposite faces to g i the nail therefrom and drawing down thesplit oil. from the nail.

I am also aware that horseshoenails have f without substantiallyimpairing the hardened shell of the wire which surrounds the ductilebeen produced by taking a soft-iron blank eutitrom hot-rollet'l metaland rolling down the shank part and point of the nailthereifroin by moreor less eold-rol 1 ing', wh ieh prot'luces a partially-liardened shellaround the central duetile core; but the shell so produced (litters from1 that upon my nail. in not having the same thickness where the head andshank partof i t i i the. nail unite, and in not being incorporated inthe intimate manner with the head part which exists in the nail formedby me, as hereinbet'ore described.

My nail also (litters t'ronl nails in which the pression while hot, inthe superior stiffness of the shank, due to the outer hardenedinclostug-shell. thereo't',\\'hieh does not existin nails thus formed.

Instead of using drawn wire rectangular in eross-sectimi, other fOl'lllSoi drawn wire ma; be un )lo c(.l and reduced to the term required in thefinished nail by suitable compression upon. it at different points,which will leave the outer shell of the wire snrrounding the ductilecore portion of the nail intact and incorporated with the head and pointportion thereof, substant tally as hereinbetore described.

'hat I claim as new and of my invention is As a new article ofmanufacture, a horseshoe-nail formed of drawn wire by the process ofstrikingup and enlarging the head of shank and hardened-point portiontherefrom central core portion of the nail, substantially as described.

JOHN A. ("OLEMAN Witnesses:

JOHN W. lmeaN, WILLLtM .I'I'. BARRON.

